Date

May 14, 2025

Source

Nature

Categories

Reference centiles for intrinsic capacity to monitor clinical health outcomes in real-world primary care cohorts

Data availability

The data reported in this manuscript (text, tables, figures and the Supplementary Materials) will be shared in deidentified form owing to privacy protections. Requests for deidentified data and a data dictionary will be evaluated by the data-sharing committee of the different datasets used (ICOPE Care, INSPIRE-T and ICOPE-BR). The contacts for the different datasets are [email protected] for the ICOPE Care cohort, [email protected] for the INSPIRE-T cohort and [email protected] for the ICOPE-BR cohort. Data will be made available for investigators upon request for a preidentified scientific purpose developed in a research proposal with sound methodology, subject to the approval of the appropriate Committees according to the dataset requested. A Data Use Agreement must also to be signed. Data access requests are evaluated on a monthly basis. Data access is dependent on adherence to the INSPIRE-T Data Use Agreement and the publication policies outlined in this agreement (provided in the Supplementary Materials). Given the ongoing nature of the ICOPE Care program (real-life data from health care services), the INSPIRE-T program and the ICOPE-BR program, the authors are unable to make the dataset publicly accessible at this time. In addition, according to the policy of some of these research and care programs, all analyses using data from ICOPE Care, INSPIRE-T (including the present study) and ICOPE-BR must be evaluated and approved by the committee after submission of a comprehensive analysis proposal. Therefore, for researchers interested in accessing the data used for the current study, the same evaluation procedure must be followed.

Code availability

The code supporting the findings of this study is available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author. All analyses were performed using programming languages in SAS and R software packages.

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Acknowledgements

ICOPE Care cohort. We thank all the health care professionals who participated in the ICOPE Care program; the members of the Gerontopole of Toulouse, especially those of the ‘Regional Team for Ageing and Prevention of Dependency’ (Isabelle Carrié, Justine de Kerimel, Christine Lafont, Céline Mathieu, Fanny Paris, Delphine Pennetier, Brune Rieunier and Alessia Robert-Millocco) and the ‘ICOPE remote monitoring platform’ (Laure Aldebert, Véronique Bezombes, Pascale Baby, Laure Bouchon, Marie Christine Cazes, Florence Da Costa, Magali Poly, Charlene Seguela, Lay-Nien Sephan and Catherine Takeda); all members of the Occitanie Territorial Teams of Ageing and Prevention of Dependency and the project leaders of National Experimentation, Article 51 (Mutualité Française PACA, DAC Sante landes, Inter-CPTS Haut-Rhin, CPTS Haute-Corrèze, Perigueux University Hospital, Filieris Sud, Civic Hospitals of Lyon, CPTS Grand Sud Réunion, InterURPS Pay de la Loire, CPTS Cerebellum, DAC 17, DAC 46, Clinique des Augustines, Brest University Hospital, Mutualité Française Bretagne). The ICOPE Care program was supported by grants from the Occitanie Regional Health Agency (Region Occitanie/Pyrénées-Méditerranée; reference number 1901175), ICOPE National Experimentation-Article 51 (Ministry of Solidarity and Health-Order of July 19, 2022-NOR: SPRS2221913A), the European Regional Development Fund (project number MP0022856) and The Interreg Program V-A Spain-France-Andorra (European Union) in the context of the APTITUDE (EFA232/16) and the APTITUDE-PROXI (EFA018/01) projects. This work was performed in the context of the IHU HealthAge, which has benefited from funding by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under the France 2030 program (reference number: ANR-23-IAHU-0011). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.

INSPIRE program. This work was performed in the context of the IHU HealthAge, which has benefited from funding by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under the France 2030 program (reference number ANR-23-IAHU-0011). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. The INSPIRE platform was supported by grants from the Region Occitanie/Pyrénées-Méditerranée (reference number 1901175), the European Regional Development Fund (project number MP0022856) and the Inspire Chairs of Excellence funded by Alzheimer Prevention in Occitania and Catalonia, EDENIS, KORIAN, Pfizer and Pierre-Fabre. The IHU HealthAge Open Science initiative was supported by the French National Research Agency as part of the France 2030 program (reference number ANR-23 IAHU-0011) and builds on the work conducted in the Data Sharing Alzheimer project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.

Members of the IHU HealthAge INSPIRE/Open Science Group include the following. IHU HealthAge INSPIRE platform group. INSPIRE-T human cohort group: coordinators: Sophie Guyonnet and Bruno Vellas; project managers: Lauréane Brigitte and Agathe Milhet; clinical research assistants: Elodie Paez, Emeline Muller and Sabine Le Floch; investigators: Catherine Takeda, Catherine Faisant, Françoise Lala, Gabor Abellan Van Kan, Zara Steinmeyer, Antoine Piau, Tony Macaron, Davide Angioni and Pierre-Jean Ousset; nurses: Mélanie Comté, Nathalie Daniaud and Fanny Boissou-Parachaud; methodology, statistical analysis and data management subgroup: Sandrine Andrieu and Christelle Cantet; body composition, VO2 max, isocinetism subgroup: Yves Rolland, Philipe de Souto Barreto and Fabien Pillard; technician dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: Bernard Teysseyre; MRI subgroup: Marie Faruch and Pierre Payoux; ICOPE subgroup: Catherine Takeda and Neda Tavassoli; biological sample collection subgroup: Marie Dorard, Bénédicte Razat, Camille Champigny and Sophie Guyonnet. INSPIRE animal cohort groups: Cédric Dray and Jean-Philippe Pradère (fish colony); Angelo Parini and Yohan Santin (mouse cohort). Associated research teams: Dominique Langin, Pierre Gourdy, Laurent O. Martinez, Anne Bouloumié and Angelo Parini (I2MC lab); Nicolas Fazilleau, Roland Liblau, Jean-Charles Guéry, Michel Simon, Nicolas Gaudenzio, Luciana Bostan, Hicham El Costa and Nabila Jabrane Ferrat (Infinity lab); Philippe Valet, Cedric Dray, Isabelle Ader, Valérie Planat and Louis Casteilla (Restore); Pierre Payoux and Patrice Peran (Tonic lab); Cyrille Delpierre and Sandrine Andrieu (CERPOP lab); Claire Rampon, Noelie Davezac and Bruno Guiard (CRCA/CBI lab); Nathalie Vergnolle, Jean-Paul Motta, Sara Djebali, Pauline Floch, Céline Deraison and Chrystelle Bonnart (IRSD lab); Jean-Emmanuel Sarry (CRCT lab). IHU HealthAge Open Science group: Nicola Coley, Sophie Guyonnet and Sandrine Andrieu. ICOPE-BR program: ICOPE-BR Steering Committee Members: Eduardo Ferrioli, Roberto A. Lourenço, Renato G. Bandeira de Mello, Renata Ferreti-Rebustini and Vitor Pelegrim de Oliveira. The ICOPE Brazil is funded by the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq; grant number 406612/2021-8). Data from the ICOPE-BR feasibility study presented and shared for this study’s purposes were collected in three research centers: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCPA-UFRGS; Renato G. Bandeira de Mello), Federal University of Ceará (UFC; Jarbas Roriz) and Federal University of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais (FCMMG; Leani Pereira). Local research centers obtained additional funding as listed. Grants from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS grant number 21/2551-0002084-9) and Fundo Institucional de Pesquisa of HCPA (FIPE HCPA) funded the ICOPE Porto Alegre Study Center; Unichristus University funded the ICOPE Ceará Study Center.

Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Philipe de Souto Barreto, Wan-Hsuan Lu.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IHU HealthAge, Toulouse, France

    Philipe de Souto Barreto, Wan-Hsuan Lu, Neda Tavassoli, Fatemeh Nourhashémi, Sophie Guyonnet, Yves Rolland, Maria Eugenia Soto Martín & Bruno Vellas

  2. CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France

    Philipe de Souto Barreto, Fatemeh Nourhashémi, Sophie Guyonnet, Yves Rolland, Maria Eugenia Soto Martín & Bruno Vellas

  3. Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France

    Philipe de Souto Barreto, Wan-Hsuan Lu, Fatemeh Nourhashémi, Yves Rolland & Bruno Vellas

  4. Geriatric Unit of the Internal Medicine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Renato Gorga Bandeira de Mello

  5. Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Renato Gorga Bandeira de Mello

  6. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Eduardo Ferriolli

Consortia

IHU HealthAge INSPIRE/Open Science study group

  • Philipe de Souto Barreto
  • , Neda Tavassoli
  • , Sophie Guyonnet
  • , Yves Rolland
  •  & Bruno Vellas

Contributions

P.S.B., W.-H.L. and B.V. contributed to the study design. P.S.B. and B.V. supervised the study. N.T., F.N., R.G.B.M., E.F., S.G., Y.R. and M.E.S.M. contributed to data collection and/or verification. W.-H.L. analyzed the data. All authors contributed to data interpretation. P.S.B. and W.-H.L. wrote the first version of the paper. All authors revised the paper with important intellectual content. All authors had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philipe de Souto Barreto.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

P.S.B. declares to have received research grant and consultancy fees from Pfizer. B.V. is the founder president of IHU HealthAge, Toulouse University Hospital, and an investigator in clinical trials sponsored by several industry partners (IHU, CRC and Inspire Geroscience platforms). All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Peer review

Peer review information

Nature Aging thanks Jean Woo and Parminder Raina for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Extended data

Extended Data Fig. 1 Diagram of IC CFA bi-factor models.

We performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the second-order and bi-factor IC models. Both second-order and bi-factor models were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation with robust standard errors to address the non-normality of the variables. Data from the training sample indicated that the bi-factor model fit better than the second-order model. The fit statistic of the bi-factor model in the training sample: robust model χ2 (87) = 897.7, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA [90% CI]) = 0.028 [0.027, 0.030], Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.97, Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.96, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.02.

Extended Data Fig. 2 Transition of IC centiles within one year.

The Sankey diagrams depict the transition of IC centiles between two visits used the ICOPE Step 1 score (left; n = 1511) and ICOPE-VAS (right; n = 935). These subjects had their second IC Step 1 assessments within 1 to 12 months of the baseline. Tables below the diagrams provide the number of individuals and percentage of distribution across centile groups (percentages add up to 100% in the rows).

Extended Data Fig. 3 Study design and participant selection.

a. Overview of the study framework using three study cohorts. b. Participant identification of the ICOPE Care cohort. c. Participant identification of the INSPIRE-T cohort.

Supplementary information

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de Souto Barreto, P., Lu, WH., Tavassoli, N. et al. Reference centiles for intrinsic capacity to monitor clinical health outcomes in real-world primary care cohorts. Nat Aging (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-025-00861-x

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